Mikro Pfr160nx Power Factor Regulator User Guide

PFR160NX Power Factor Regulator

Product Information: Power Factor Regulator

The Power Factor Regulator is a device that combines
comprehensive operation with user-friendly control settings. It
uses numerical techniques to compute the phase difference between
the fundamental of current and voltage, which allows for precise
power factor measurement even in the presence of harmonics. The
device features a numeric display that shows active power, reactive
power, or apparent power of the load. The load current or voltage
must be above a certain threshold for the device to operate
properly.

Measurement Display

The numeric display on the Power Factor Regulator shows
displacement power factor of the system, as well as required or
excessive capacitive reactive power [VAR] to achieve the target
power factor at measured voltage system. The device is able to
control the voltage system measures in Line to Neutral or Line to
Line. The display also shows the frequency measurement of the
voltage system and the total harmonic distortion of the current or
voltage.

Usage Instructions

To use the Power Factor Regulator, follow these steps:

1. Ensure that the load current or voltage is above 1% of rate
   current [_/5A] and voltage is above 50 Vac for proper
   operation.
2. Check the numeric display for displacement power factor of the
   system, required or excessive capacitive reactive power [VAR],
   frequency measurement of the voltage system, and total harmonic
   distortion of the current or voltage.
3. Use the AUTO or MANUAL mode indicator [LED On = Auto, LED Off =
   Manual] to set your preferred mode of operation.
4. Use the UP and DOWN buttons to adjust settings as needed.
5. Use the ENTER button to confirm settings.
6. Use the ESC button to exit the menu.

Note that the usage of the capacitor bank is evenly distributed
by the intelligent switching algorithm, ensuring uniform ageing of
the capacitors and the contactors used.

Power Factor Regulator User’s Guide
A BRIED OVERVIEW

ab c

d

e

f
g i
j k l
m n

2. Measurement
[PF] Cos
The numeric display shows displacement power factor of the system.

3-digit

LED

numeric (e) IND (b) CAP (b)

Description

“—”

The load current or voltage is below operating range.

Off

Off Current must be above 1% of rate current [_/5A] and

voltage must be above 50 Vac.

“x.xx” “x.xx”

On

Off The system is having inductive power factor.

Off

On The system is having capactive power factor.

“- .xx”

On

Off

Re-generative condition is detected where the energy flow is reversed in inductive power factor.

“- .xx”

Off

On

Re-generative condition is detected export active power in capactive power factor.

x = 0 – 9 numeric digit

[r.P] Required VAR
The numeric display shows required or excessive capacitive reactive power [VAR] to achieve target power factor at measured voltage system. [U] Voltage
The numeric display shows the true-rms value of voltage measurement. Power factor regulator is able to control the voltage system measures in Line to Neutral or Line to Line.

a – 2-digit numeric display [Mode Indicator] b – CAP and IND indicators [CAP = Capacitive power factor, IND =Inductive power factor] [A] Current
The numeric display shows the true-rms value of primary current. Primary ratio current must be set according to the external 5A current transformer ratio.

c – AUTO or MANUAL mode indicator [LED On = Auto, LED Off = Manual] d – ALARM indicator [LED On = Alert from alarm message] [F] Frequency
The numeric display shows the frequency measurement of the voltage system.

e – 3-digit numeric display [Display parameter value and alarm message] f – DMD ON and DMD OFF indicators [DMD ON = Capacitor bank is required to switch On, DMD OFF = Capacitor bank is required to switch Off ] g – Prefix multipliers indicator [KILO = 10 , MEGA = 10 ] i – STEP Output Indicator [LED ON = Step output switch On, LED OFF = Step output switch Off ] j – NFC tag area [Tag mobile on this location for communication] k – UP button

[t.A] Current THD / [t.U] Voltage THD

The numeric display shows the total harmonic distortion of the current or voltage as according to the formula below:

THD =

in2
n=2
i12

in = nth order harmonic current or voltage rms i = Fundamental current or voltage rms

This measurement is possible only if the total load is at least 5% of the rated load.

l – ENTER button m- DOWN button

[P.F.] Power Factor
The numeric display shows power factor of the system.

n – ESC button

[P.A] Active Power / [P.R] Reactive power / [P.S] Apparent power

1. General Description
The power factor regulator combines comprehensive operation with user-friendly control setting. It uses numerical techniques in computing the phase difference between the fundamental of current and voltage, thus precise power factor measurement is achieved even in presence of harmonics.
The power factor regulator is designed to optimize the control of reactive power compensation. Reactive power compensation is achieved by measuring continuously the reactive power of the system and then compensated by the switching of capacitor banks. The sensitivity setting optimizes the switching speed. With the built-in intelligent automatic switching program, the power factor regulator further improves the switching efficiency by reducing the number of switching operations required to achieve the desired power factor.

The numeric display shows active power, reactive power or apparent power of the

load.

S = apparent power [VA]

S

Q = reactive power [VAR ]

Q P = active power [W]

P

3. MENU
[S.C] System Configuration
S.C Parameter

Setting Range

Usage of the capacitor bank is evenly distributed by the intelligent switching algorithm. This ensures uniform ageing of the capacitors and the contactors used.
The four-quadrant operation feature allows the power factor regulator to operate correctly in the case of active power feed beck to the mains where regenerative power sources are used.

1

Rate Voltage [L- N] Line to Neatural

[L – L] Line to Line [50] Rate frequency set to 50Hz

2 Rate Frequency [60] Rate frequency set to 60Hz *{PFR will auto trace line frequency while THD voltage lower
than 20%}

Harmonic current in the system can be harmful to the capacitor bank. This power factor regulator is capable of measuring the total harmonic distortion (THD) in the system and trigger an alarm if the THD level is higher than the pre-set value. Other alarms include under/over compenstate alarm, under/over current alarm and under/over voltage alarm.
Mobile app has been provided for user convenient to monitor parameter or configure setting through NFC. User also able to communicate with power factor regulator through RS485 Modbus RTU protocol by install NX-M1 module on power factor regulator.

[ALN] Standalone unit 3 System Coupling [CTL] Master unit
[SLU] Slave unit

4

Input Control [YES] Master and Slave activation control by Digital Input

[NO] Master and Slave function operate immediately

*Master and Slave function only available while NX-M1 module is attached.

1

R.S Rate Step

1

Step1

2

Step2

..

..

.

.

15

Step15

16

Step16

* 0 – Disable

Setting Range Only can set as 1
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 16
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 16, Fan 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 16, ALA, FAn

4. Descripstion of Alarm Parameters

A.S/

O.P/

Parameter

Alarm Setting

Delay Time

Alarm/ Output Programmable

A.P/

Range

Activate Deactivate

Setting

A.n

1

THD Voltage

10% – 20%

5 mins

2.5 mins

On/Off

2

THD Current

20% – 300% 5 mins

2.5 mins

On/Off

3

Undercurrent

1.0% – 3.0%

10s

5s

On/Off

4

Overcurrent

110% – 140% 2 mins

1 min

On/Off

5

Undervoltage

90V – 395V

0.1s

5s

6

Overvoltage

132V – 500V 15 mins 7.5 mins

On/Off On/Off

7

Cap Size Error

–

24 hours

0s

On/Off

8 Undercompensate

–

15 mins 7.5 mins

On/Off

9

Overcompensate

–

15 mins 7.5 mins

On/Off

10

Step Error

–

0s

1 week

On/Off

11 No Voltage Release

–

12

CT Polarity Error

–

0.1s

0s

10s

5s

On/Off On/Off

13

Clock Loss

–

0s

0s

On/Off

14

EEPROM Error

–

0s

0s

On/Off

15

Step On Timer

1000 – 25500 hours

0s

0s

On/Off

16

Step On Counter 1000 – 25500

0s

0s

On/Off

Table 1: Description of number on 2 digit numeric display and parameter settings

1) THD Voltage – Total harmonic distortion for voltage threshold has been exceeded.
2) THD Current – Total harmonic distortion for current threshold has been exceeded. All steps disconnected if alarm triggers.
3) Undercurrent – Current lower than setting value of 5A rated current. Value displays on 3 digit numeric (e) is percentage [%] unit.
4) Overcurrent – Current excess setting value of 5A rated current. Value displays on 3 digit numeric (e) is percentage [%] unit.
5) Undervoltage – Voltage lower than setting value. Value displays on 3 digit numeric (e) is voltage [V] unit.
6) Overvoltage – Voltage exceed setting value. Value displays on 3 digit numeric (e) is voltage [V] unit.
7) Cap Size Error – Controller cannot reach the set cos due to no suitable step available. [UnS] or [OVS] shows on 3 digit numeric (e) if alarm triggers in smallest cap size oversized condition or no suitable step condition respectively.
8) Undercompensate – All capacitors are connected and the power factor lower than set cos . [Uco] shows on 3 digit numeric (e) if alarm triggers in this condition.
9) Overcompensate – All capacitors are disconnected and the power factor higher than set power factor. [Oco] shows on 3 digit numeric (e) if alarm triggers in this condition.
10) Step Error – PFR detects capacitor step may be having problem, only if smallest cap set to auto. [E.xx] shows on 3 digit numeric (e) if alarm triggers in this condition.
11) No Voltage Release – All steps disconnected if alarm triggers. Value displays on 3 digit numeric (e) is voltage [V] unit.
12) CT Polarity Error – PFR detects CT connection wrong polarity. [ECt] shows on 3 digit numeric (e) if alarm triggers in this condition.
13) Clock Loss – [CLo] shows on 3 digit numeric (e) if alarm triggers in this conndition. *Clock only available when NX-M1 attaches with PFR.
14) EEprom Error – [EEP] shows on 3 digit numeris (e) if alarm triggers in this condition. *{Contact manufacturer If alarm trigger in this condition}

15) Step On Timer – [t.xx] shows on 3 digit numeric (e) if alarm triggers in this conndition.
16) Step On Counter – [n.xx] shows on 3 digit numeris (e) if alarm triggers in this condition.
* Step on timer alarm and step on counter alarm only available when NX-M1 attaches with PFR. These alarms setting only can set through communication. *xx – Step number
5. Automatic CT Polarity Detection
During the power on start-up process, the PFR, if programmed under Rotational or Automatic switch program, detects the CT polarity and correct it internally if the CT polarity is reversed. If the PFR is set for Four-quadrant switch program, this feature is disabled.
6. Programming Lock
The PFR is equipped with a programming lock to prevent inadvertent changes to the control parameters. If locked, all the control parameters can only be viewed at and cannot be changed without unlocking it first.
To lock or unlock, first ensure that the display is on the power factor display mode [PF], then press and hold “ENTER” and “DOWN” buttons until the 3 digit numeric display (e) flashes [LOC] or [CLr]. [LOC] indicates the PFR is locked and [CLr] indicates the regulator is unlocked.
7. NFC Communication
PFR provides NFC communication convenient for user to read parameter values or to change setting through mobile. Below shows guide on how to operate NFC: 1) Download and install PFRNX app from google play
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.learn2crack.nfctest3 2) Open the app, and then tag the mobile nfc close to the PFR nfc tag area (j). *{Make
sure NFC is available on mobile and NFC mode is turn On}
8. NX-M1 Module
Clock and RS485 protocol communication only available if NX-M1 install on PFR. Without NX-M1, time of action are not recorded in event, fault and rate step records.

9. Application of Master and Slave PFR

{*Below usage only available if NX-M1 module is attached with PFR}

Application 1 : Link two PFRs together to increase the number of step contact. The

connection setup between both PFR is shown in the diagram 1.

Programming :

Master Slave

System ID

Ctr

SLU

Input Control No

No

Address

1

1

Application 2 : Refering to the diagram 2, both PFRs operate independent while

coupling is open. When PFRs detect coupler is closed, both PFRs will switch to master

and slave operation. The number of step eventually will be increased. The example of

usage is shown in the diagram 2.

Programming :

Master Slave

System ID

Ctr

SLU

Input Control Yes

Yes

Address

1

1

P2 P1 FUSE

N L3 L2 L1
FUSE

K16

K32

1 17 18 34 35 20 23 24 25

K1 1 16

PFR MASTER

NX-M1 – + D- D+

Diagram 1 – Example of PFRs operate in step extension system
FEED 1

TRANSFORMER 1

1 17 18 24 25

K17 17

PFR SLAVE 32

NX-M1 – + D- D+

FEED 2 TRANSFORMER 2

LOAD 1

CT 1
34 35 20 23 24 25 PFR
MASTER

COUPLER
EX. INPUT 100 ~ 240 VAC

NX-M1
Diagram 2 – Example of PFRs operate in two feeds system
3

CT 2
34 35 20 23 24 25 PFR SLAVE
NX-M1

LOAD 2

10. Shortcut to Manual Switch Program
User able to change switch program from auto mode to manual mode by press and hold ” ESC” button for 3 seconds. The AUTO indicator light (c) eventually will turn off. User can press “UP” button to turn On capacitor step or press “DOWN” to turn Off capacitor step.
Capacitor step only will turn On after the countdown of step achieves reconnection time. The step output indicator (i) will flash and DMD ON indicator (f) will turn On while the step is waiting for reconnection time.
Manual mode will automatically change back according to system setting switch program after 1 hour if there is no button pressed.
11. Intelligent Capacitor Step Selection
PFR will look for capacitor step that has less activity to switch On or more activity to switch Off while more than one capacitor step are having same rate VAR value if switch program set to automatic switching or four-quadrant switching. This function only will operate after PFR affirms on the smallest cap value.
12. Step On Timer and Step On Counter
PFR will record down the step operating hour and counter. These features only can be read through NFC app or RS485 communication if NX-M1 module is attached with PFR. Besides that, user able to set step on timer alarm or step on counter alarm as a service alert.
User also can reset the step on timer record or step on counter record through NFC app or RS485 communication.
13. Harmonic
PFR measures harmonic up to 15 orders. User able to retrieve harmonic measurement through NFC app or RS485 communication.

14. Reset to Factory Default
To reset all programmable parameters to factory default, first power off the PFR. Press the “UP” and “DOWN” buttons simultaneously while turning ON the PFR and holds itfor more than 3 seconds. The 3 digit numeric display (e) shows [dEF] 2 seconds.

Menu System Configuration [S.C] System Setting [S.S] Rate step [R.S] Alarm Setting [A.S] Programmable Alarm [A.P]

Parameter Voltage system
Frequency System ID Input Control Primary CT Set Cos Smallest Cap Sensitivity Reconnection Time Switch Program Rate1 – Rate16 THD Voltage THD Current Undercurrent Overcurrent Undervoltage Overvoltage All parameters

Default Setting L-N 50Hz ALN No 5A
0.98 IND Atc
45s/step 30s Aut 1 20% 50% 1.0% 110% 90V 500V On

Programmable Output [O.P] Communication Setting [C.S] —

All parameters
Communication? Remote Set?
Communication Address Baudrate Parity Stop Bits
Step On Timer Step On Counter

On
Yes Yes 1 9600 Even 1 bit 5000 hours 5000

15. Guide on Controlling PFR

Below shows how to read next parameter displays and enter menu mode.

MEASUREMENT

MENU

[PF] Cos

Press “ENTER”

[r.P]Required Power Press “ENTER”
[V] Voltage Press “ENTER”

Press and hold “ENTER” for 3 second

[A] Current Press “ENTER” [F] Frequency

Press “ENTER”

[t.A] THD Current Press “ENTER”
[t.U] THD Voltage

Press “ESC”

Press “ENTER”

[P.F.] Power Factor Press “ENTER” [P.A] Active Power Press “ENTER” [P.r] Reactive Power

Press “ENTER”

[P.S] Apparent Power

Press “ENTER”

[1] Communication?

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[2] Remote Set?

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[3] Comm. Address

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[4] Baudrate

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[5] Parity

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[6] Stop Bit [S.C] System Configuration
Press “ENTER” [S.S] System Setting
Press “ENTER” [r.S] Rated Step
Press “ENTER” [A.S] Alarm Setting
Press “ENTER” [A.P] Prog. Alarm
Press “ENTER” [O.P] Prog. Output
Press “ENTER” [C.S] Communication
Setting Press “ENTER” [A.n] Alarm Message Press “ENTER” [1] THD Current

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[2] THD Voltage

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[3] Undercurrent

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[4] Overcurrent

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[5] Undervoltage

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[6] Overvoltage

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[7] Cap.Size Error [1] Voltage System

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[2] Frequency

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[3] System ID

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[4] Input Control [1] Primary CT

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[2] Set Cos

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[3] Smallest Cap

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[4] Sensitivity

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[5] Reconnection Time

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[6] Switch Program [14] EEPROM Error

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[13] Clock Loss

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[12] CT Polarity Error

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[11] No Voltage Release

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[10] CK Error

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[9] Overcompensate

Press “UP”

Press “DOWN”

[8] Undercompensate

Example 2 : How to set Primary CT ratio setting to 500A Step 1 : Goto [S.S] System Setting Step 2 : Make sure 2 digit numeric display (a) flashs [S.S] and [1], if not press “UP” or “DOWN” until display flash [S.S] and [1]. Step 3 : Press “UP” and “DOWN” simultaneously until value on 3 digit numeric display (e) blinks. Step 4 : Press “UP” or “DOWN” until the value reach 500. Step 5 : Press “UP and “DOWN” simultaneously to save setting.
Example 3 : How to temporally change switch program from auto mode to manual mode Step 1 : At the Measurement page, press and hold “ESC” for 3 seconds until AUTO LED (c) light off. Step 2 : Press “UP” to connect capacitor step or press “DOWN” to disconnect the capacitor step. Step 3 : Press and hold “ESC” until AUTO LED (c) light on, switch program back to auto
Example 4 : How to read mutliple alarm messages when undervoltage and undercurrent alert. Step 1 : Goto [A.n] Alarm message, 2 digit numeric display (a) flashes between [A.n] and [5]. If the value on 3 digit numeric display (e) shows 50. {The message shows PFR is in undervoltage condition at 50 V AC} Step 2 : Press “DOWN” goto next alarm message. 2 digit numeric display (a) flashes between [A.n] and [3]. If the value on 3 digit numeric display (e) shows 1.5. {The message shows PFR is in undercurrent condition at 1.5% of primary rated current}
* Alarm message [A.n] can refer to table 1 in page 3.

4

16. Technical Data

Auxiliary Supply
Rated voltage Operating voltage Rated frequency Operating frequency Power consumption

: 100 ~ 415 VAC or 140 ~ 340 VDC : 85 ~ 450 VAC or 110 ~ 370 VDC : 50 or 60 Hz : 45 ~ 65 Hz : 10 VA max

Current Input
Rated current, In Operating Limits Accuracy Rated frequency Burden

: 5 A : 0.05 A ~ 10 A (Secondary current) : ±3% or 20mA secondary current whichever greater : 50 or 60 Hz : <0.3VA at In

Voltage Input
Operating Limits Accuracy Rated frequency

: 5 V ~ 600 V : ±3% or 1V whichever is greater : 50 or 60 Hz

Relay Output
Numbers of outputs Contact arrangement Rated capacity Max current for the commom terminals

: 8 / 12 / 16 (PFR80NX / PRF120NX / PRF160NX) : NO contact type : 5 A 250 VAC ( COS = 1) :12 A continous

Mechanical
Mounting Dimension ( h x w x l ) Approximate weight Enclosure Protection

: Panel mounting : 145mm x 145mm x 78mm : 0.8kg : IP54 at panel : IP20 at body

Environment Conditions

Overvoltage Class

: III

Temperature

: -5 C ~ +55 C

Humidity

: 56 days at 93% RH and 40 C non-condensing

Pollution Degree

: II

Altitude

: 2000m

EMC
Electrical Fast Transient Surge Conducted Immunity Radiated Immunity Conducted and Radiated Emission

: IEC61000-4-4 Level IV : IEC61000-4-5 Level IV : IEC61000-4-6 Level III : IEC61000-4-3 Level III : EN55011

17. Case Dimensions

FRONT

78 mm
SIDE

NXM1 External Plug-in Module

60 mm 80 mm

PANEL CUTOUT

18. Typical Connection Diagram
Diagram 3 – PFR live-netural voltage system connection diagram

!

CT must be connected before capacitor bank and load

FUSE

P2

P1

K16

FUSE

N L3 L2 L1
FUSE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 34 35

20 23 24 25

CURRENT VOLTAGE AUX

K1

STEP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

_ /5A

PFR80NX
PFR120NX PFR160NX

*Subject to model PFR80NX – Step from 1 to 6, 15 and 16 PFR120NX – Step from 1 to 10, 15 and 16 PFR160NX – Step from 1 to 16

5

PFRNX POWER FACTOR REGULATOR
Email: [email protected] Contact No: +603-5525 3863
THING TO SETUP AND VERIFY BEFORE RUN
1) Check CT Setup a) Make sure CT installs before capacitor bank and load. b) Make sure cable connect between secondary CT and PFRNX terrminal (No.34 and No.35) are connectted in correct polarity follows according to PFRNX connection diagram. c) Primary CT setting in PFRNX must set according to primary current ration _/5A.
2) Check Voltage Setup a) If voltage sytem is measured by Phase to Phase system, then make sure voltage system setting set to [L-L]. Besides that, YELLOW voltage phase must connects to terminal block No.23, BLUE voltage phase must connects to No.20 and CT installs on RED phase line.
b) If voltage sytem is measured by Phase to Neutral system, then make sure voltage system setting set to [L-N]. Besides that, RED voltage phase must connects to terminal block No.23, NEUTRAL voltage phase must connects to No.20 and CT installs on red phase line.
c) If voltage frequency is run in 60Hz, the frequency system setting must set to [60], otherwise set to [50].
3) Check Step Output Setup a) For those steps are unused, encourage to set rate step setting in PFRNX to disable, so that will not cause step error alarm may be triggered. b) Make sure terminal block No.18 has connected to Live voltage.
4) Check Aux Power Setup a) Make sure voltage supplies to Aux in terminal block No.24 and No.25 are within 100VAC to 415VAC or 140VDC to 340VDC.